Centos7.2服务器的软件安装
0 安装常用开发编译工具包
yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
安装使用rz/sz命令
yum install -y lrzsz
1 MySQL
安装MySql的开发工具
yum -y install mysql-devel
安装步骤:
- 下载MySQL源:
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
- 安装
MySQL
源:rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
- 安装
mysql-community-server
:yum install mysql-community-server
- 启动
MySQL
服务:systemctl start mysqld
- 查看
MySQL
的启动状态:systemctl status mysqld
- 开机启动:
systemctl enable mysqld
- 配置默认编码为
utf8
:修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置=>[mysqld] character_set_server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
- 查看临时密码:
grep 'A temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
- 用临时密码登录
mysql
:mysql -uroot -p
- 修改
root
密码:set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('xxxxxxxx');
注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
错误。 - (可以不执行此命令)远程访问root权限:
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'pwd' with grant option;
- 创建MySQL新用户:
create user userName identified by 'password';
- 授权远程访问user用户【将userDb数据库的所有操作权限都授权给了用户user】:
grant all privileges on userNameDb.* to userName@'%' identified by 'pwd'; flush privileges;
- 修改用户密码:
update mysql.user set password = password('pwd') where user = 'userName' and host = '%'; flush privileges;
- 删除用户:
drop user userName@'%';
- (阿里云开放端口)添加安全组:【控制台->云服务器->点击实例->本实例安全组->配置规则->克隆/添加安全组规则】
2 Git
安装命令
yum install git
3 redis
3.1 安装依赖库
yum install gcc make
3.2 下载、解压缩、编译安装
curl http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-x.x.x.tar.gz -o redis-x.x.x.tar.gz
tar zxvf redis-x.x.x.tar.gz
cd redis-x.x.x
make
cd src
make install
3.3 设置为自启动,开机自启
# 运行安装服务工具,根据提示设置
# 直接自动帮你安装服务,还可以自定义安装参数。全部默认的话,就会自动产生上述的环境文件和服务文件,且已经打开了服务。 默认的服务名为redis_6379
./utils/install-server.sh
# 启动
systemctl start redis_6379
# 开机启动
systemctl enable redis_6379
# 查看状态
systemctl status redis_6379
4 httpd
安装命令
yum install httpd
启动服务
systemctl start httpd.service
停止服务
systemctl stop httpd.service
重启服务
systemctl restart httpd.service
设置apache开机启动
systemctl enable httpd.service
5 安装python3
安装相关包
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
yum install libffi-devel -y
下载安装命令
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/版本号/文件名.tgz
tar zxvf 文件名.tgz
cd 文件名
./configure
make
make install
如果安装过程中出现zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
报错,请先安装zlib
。
yum install zlib-devel
6 安装nodeJs
下载及安装
curl http://nodejs.org/dist/vx.x.x/node-vx.x.x.tar.gz -o node-vx.x.x.tar.gz
tar zxvf node-vx.x.x.tar.gz
cd node-vx.x.x
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/node
make
make install
生成软连接
ln -s /usr/local/node/bin/* /usr/sbin/
检测是否安装成功
node -v
7 安装npm
curl -L https://npmjs.org/install.sh | sh
检测是否安装成功
npm -v
切换镜像
// 查看当前镜像
npm get registry
// 设成淘宝镜像
npm config set registry http://registry.npm.taobao.org/
8 安装gitbook
安装命令
npm install -g gitbook
npm install -g gitbook-cli
ln -s /usr/local/node/bin/* /usr/sbin/
gitbook -V
- 如若遇到一直显示
Installing GitBook x.x.x
,请耐心等候安装。
9 nginx
安装命令
curl http://nginx.org/download/nginx-x.x.x.tar.gz -o nginx-x.x.x.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-x.x.x.tar.gz
cd nginx-x.x.x
make
make install
配置Nginx
更新Nginx配置
注意不在原来的所解压的目录配置nginx.conf
,而应该在/usr/local/nginx/
中。
// 修改80端口监听
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.xxx.com;
rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$server_name$1 permanent;
}
// 修改443端口监听
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name www.xxx.com;
ssl_certificate /data/lib/xxx/Nginx/1_xxx_bundle.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /data/lib/xxx/Nginx/2_xxx.key;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
proxy_pass http://x.x.x.x:8000;
}
location /resource/ {
root html/resource;
}
}
操作命令
// 更新配置
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
// 编译安装
make && make install
// 生成软连接
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/sbin/
// 测试
nginx -t
// 重启服务
service nginx restart
// 关闭Nginx
nginx -s stop // 快速停止nginx
nginx -s quit // 正常停止nginx
// 修改配置后重新加载生效
nginx -s reload